Chinese New Year (Spring Festival)
China's most important traditional festival โ the Lunar New Year
๐ History & Origins
Chinese New Year, also known as the Spring Festival or Lunar New Year, is the grandest and most important traditional celebration for the Chinese people, with a history spanning over four thousand years. The Spring Festival originated in sacrificial rites to gods and ancestors held at the turn of the year during the Shang Dynasty, and was known in ancient times as "Yuandan" (the first morning), "Suishou" (the start of the year), and other names. Legend has it that in ancient times, a fearsome beast called "Nian" would appear on New Year's Eve to prey upon people. When it was discovered that the creature feared the color red, firelight, and loud noises, the customs of posting spring couplets, setting off firecrackers, and staying up on New Year's Eve were born. During the Spring Festival, every household posts spring couplets, hangs red lanterns, makes dumplings, sets off fireworks, and gathers for a family reunion to celebrate the holiday together. After 1949, the Lunar New Year was officially named the "Spring Festival" and became the most important statutory holiday in China. The Spring Festival is not merely a moment to bid farewell to the old year and welcome the new โ it carries the Chinese people's deepest aspirations for family reunion, reverence for ancestors, and hopes for a better life. It stands as a vital symbol of Chinese culture.
๐ Traditional Customs
What to do
- โฆPosting spring couplets and 'Fu' (fortune) characters
- โฆSetting off firecrackers and fireworks
- โฆEnjoying the New Year's Eve reunion dinner
- โฆStaying up on New Year's Eve (Shousui)
- โฆPaying New Year visits to family and friends
- โฆGiving red envelopes (Hongbao)
- โฆDragon and lion dances
- โฆVisiting temple fairs
What to eat
โ ๏ธ Things to note
- !Do not sweep on the first day (to avoid sweeping away good fortune)
- !Avoid saying unlucky words
- !Do not break bowls or plates
- !Do not demand debt repayment
โ๏ธ Travel Impact
Chinese New Year is China's biggest travel peak and home to the world's largest annual human migration, known as "Chunyun" (Spring Festival travel rush). Tickets for all modes of transport are extremely hard to get, and prices skyrocket. Scenic spots are packed to capacity, and hotel prices double or more. Many restaurants and shops close for the holiday, especially in smaller cities and rural areas. Foreign tourists are strongly advised to avoid traveling to China during the Spring Festival, or to make all bookings at least three months in advance.
These dates fall on weekends but are designated as workdays. Public transit runs on weekday schedules.
๐ก Tips to Avoid Pitfalls
Book all transport and accommodation at least 2โ3 months in advance
Avoid popular scenic spots โ experience the festive atmosphere in major cities instead
Carry enough cash, as some businesses close during Spring Festival
Understand the Chunyun period (15 days before to 25 days after the Spring Festival)
Expect all costs to be 2โ3 times higher than usual
๐ Recommended Experiences
Beijing
Visit the Ditan Temple Fair for traditional performances
Xi'an
New Year lantern festival at the Tang Paradise
Chengdu
Wuhouci Grand Temple Fair
Hong Kong
Victoria Harbour fireworks display